Comparative analysis of building permits issued in Poland and selected European countries between 2019 and 2024 in the context of economic conditions

Main Article Content

Katarzyna Wieczorek
Justyna Dzięcioł


Keywords : building permits, global crisis, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), country’s economy, construction site, construction cycle
Abstract

The article aims to compare the number of building permits issued in Poland and four European countries between 2019 and 2024, with country selection based on GDP per capita in the reference year 2019. The hypothesis assumes that global crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, significantly affected investment activity in the construction sector, particularly in less developed economies. The analysis showed that in Poland’s central region, the number of building permits decreased from 49,632 in 2019 to 42,271 in 2024. In lower-GDP countries, such as Croatia and Romania (13,898.49 and 11,601.89 EUR per capita in 2019, respectively), greater fluctuations in construction activity were observed, while Romania recorded an increase in non-residential permits, reaching 4,033,925 in 2023. The resilience of the construction sector to economic crises has been empirically confirmed, and research has shown the need to standardise data reporting across EU countries.

Article Details

How to Cite
Wieczorek , K., & Dzięcioł, J. (2025). Comparative analysis of building permits issued in Poland and selected European countries between 2019 and 2024 in the context of economic conditions. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura, 24(1), 390–417. https://doi.org/10.22630/ASPA.2025.24.27
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